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Nootropic / Cognitive

P21

Also known as: P021

P21 (also P021) is a small peptidergic compound — the tetrapeptide core Asp-Gly-Gly-Leu with an N-terminal acetyl and a C-terminal adamantylated glycine amide (Ac-DGGL(A)G-NH2) — derived from an active region (residues ~148–151) of human ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). It was designed and characterized in the Khalid Iqbal laboratory at the New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities (NYS IBR). It is an experimental, preclinical compound — NOT FDA-approved and NOT tested in humans in published trials. Distinct from the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein p21/CDKN1A/WAF1 (a completely different gene product; the two share only the name).

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Research depth

30 citations indexed for P21

All research on P21 →

Study · 2026

CRISPR/Cas9 system-mediated p21 knockout impairs the MITF signaling pathway

The CRISPR/Cas9 method facilitates targeted disruption of gene sequences, providing a reliable means to analyze gene-dependent regulatory pathways. This study aims to investigate melanogenesis in p21-knockout B16F1 cells generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

animal · 2026

Dihydroxyacetone nanoparticles ameliorate osteoarthritis via P21-mediated regulation of chondrocyte repair

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease characterized by progressive cartilage degeneration. P21, as a cell cycle regulator, participates in maintaining cartilage homeostasis.

review · 2026

Subcellular compartmentalization dependent dichotomy of p21 in cancer

p21 (Cip1/Waf1/Sdi1) , a widely studied member of the CKI (CDK inhibitor) family, has been designated a negative regulator of cell cycle progression.

Study · 2026

Intravesical Delivery of P21 mRNA-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles as a Tumor Suppressor Replacement Therapy for Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer is characterized by high recurrence rates and limited long-term benefit from current intravesical therapies, highlighting the need for alternative localized treatment strategies.

cohort · 2026

Reduced Epidermal p21 Expression Is Identified in Some Subjects on Systemic GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Hypothesis-Generating Pilot Study of Metabolic Modulation in Human Skin Senescence

Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) exert systemic metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects that may be relevant to cellular senescence, a key driver of skin aging. However, human cutaneous data are lacking.

Study · 2026

CDKN1A/p21 Influences the Survival and Expansion of Breast Cancer Stem Cells after Oxidative Damage

Objective Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies among women worldwide, and despite advances in therapy and treatment options, tumour relapse and metastasis remain major clinical challenges, largely driven by the breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) niche that resists conventional treatments and regen…